新定义英语第一册Lesson1-20自学笔记精解说析

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    新定义英语第一册是英语初级阶段,这套经典教程通过完整的英语学习体系,可以帮助学生学会英语的四项基本技能—听、说、读、写,使学生能在学习中大限度地发挥我们的潜能。学英语要紧的是考虑,只有不断地考虑,才能深入地理解,从而进行创作。英语必须要多训练,只有如此才能一直维持着对英语学习的兴趣。以下是智学网收拾的新定义英语第一册Lesson1-20自学笔记精解说析,欢迎阅读!



    1.新定义英语第一册Lesson1-2自学笔记精解说析

    1. Excuse me! 对不起。

    这是常用于表示道歉的客套话,等于汉语中的“劳驾”、“对不起”。当大家要引起其他人的注意、要打搅其他人或打断其他人的话时,一般都可用这一表达方法。在课文中,男性为了吸引女性的注意而用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场所:向陌生人问路,借用别人的电话,从其他人身边挤过,在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。

    2. Yes? 啥事?

    课文中的 Yes? 应用升调朗读,意为:“啥事?”Yes? 以升调表示某种不愿定或询问之意,也含有请他们说下去的意思。

    3. Pardon? 对不起,请再说一遍。

    当大家没听清或没理解他们的话并期望他们能重复一遍时,就能用这一表达方法。较为正式的说法是:

    I beg your pardon. I beg your pardon? Pardon me.

    它们在汉语中的意思等于“对不起,请再说一遍”或者“对不起,请再说一遍怎么样?”

    4. Thank you very much. 很感谢!

    这是一句表示感谢的用语,意为“很感谢”。请看下列类似的表达式,并注意其语气上的差异:

    Thank you. 谢谢。 Thanks! 谢谢!

    5. 数字1~10的英文写法

    1—one 2—two 3—three 4—four 5—five

    6—six 7—seven 8—eight 9—nine 10—ten

    6. 语法 Grammar in use

    一般疑问句:

    一般疑问句依据其结构又分为若干种。通过主谓倒装可将带有be的陈述句变为一般疑问句。马上be的适合形式移到主语之前,如:

    陈述句:This is your watch. 这是你的手表。

    疑问句:Is this your watch? 这是你的手表吗?

    2.新定义英语第一册Lesson3-4自学笔记精解说析

    1.My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。

    这是一个省略形式的祈使句,完整的句子应为:Give me my coat and my umbrella, please.

    口语中,在语境明确的状况下一般可省略动词和间接宾语,如:

    Ticket, please. 请出示你的票。

    2.Heres your umbrella and your coat. 这是你的伞和大衣。

    Heres 是 Here is的缩略形式。全句原为:Here is your umbrella and your coat.缩略形式和非缩略形式在英语的书面用语和口语中均有,但非缩略形式常用于比较正式的场所。Heres…是一种习惯使用方法,句中使用了倒装句式,即系动词提到了主语之前。又如 Here is my ticket 这句话用正常的语序时为 My ticket is here。

    3.Sorry = Im sorry。

    这是口语中的缩略形式,一般在社交场所中用于表示对别人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。

    Sorry 和 Excuse me 虽在汉语中都可作“对不起”讲,但 sorry 常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉,而 Excuse me 则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。

    4.Sir,先生。

    这是英语中对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称。比如:在服务行业中,员工对男客户的称呼一般为 sir:

    What can I do for you, sir? 先生,你要买什么?

    Thank you, sir. 谢谢你,先生。

    sir 一般用于正式信函开头的称呼中:

    Dear sir 亲爱的先生 Dear sirs 亲爱的先生们/诸位先生们

    Sir可用于有爵士称号者的名字或名字之前:

    Sir Winston Churchill 温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士

    Sir William Brown 威廉·布朗爵士

    5. 数字11~15的英文写法

    11—eleven 12—twelve 13—thirteen 14—fourteen 15—fifteen

    6. 语法 Grammar in use

    否定句:

    否定陈述句与一定陈述句相反,它表示“否定”,并且含有一个如not 之类的否定词。一个内含be的否定形式的陈述句,应在其后加 not,以构成否定句:

    一定句:This is my umbrella. 这是我的伞。

    否定句:This is not my umbrella. 这不是我的伞。

    针对一般疑问句的否定的简略答语是No,its not/it isnt。此处省略和非省略形式的关系为:is not =isnt;it is = its。

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.suit n.衣服: Is this your suit? 这是你的衣服吗?

    a mans suit 一套男装 a womans suit 一套女装

    2.please interjection请;烦劳:

    My coat and my umbrella please. 请把我的大衣和伞拿给我。

    Please come in. 请进。

    3.新定义英语第一册Lesson5-6自学笔记精解说析

    1.Good morning.早上好。

    英语中容易见到的问候用句。对此问候的回话一般也是Good morning。依据一天中见面时间的不同还可以说Good afternoon 和 Good evening。有时英美人见面时只简单地说一声Hello。

    2.This is Miss Sophie Dupont.

    这位是索菲娅·杜邦小姐。

    This is+名字是将某人介绍给别人时常见的句式。课文中的例子还有:

    Sophie, this is Hans.

    索菲娅,这位是汉斯。

    And this is Naoko.

    这位是直子。

    3.Mr. Blake/Miss Sophie Dupont,布莱克先生/索菲娅·杜邦小姐。

    英语国家里人的名字一般由3部分组成,即:名+中间名+姓。

    在通常情况下,不需要中间名。在熟知的人中间,以名相称,而在正式的场所中常用 Mr.,Mrs.,Miss或Ms.这类称呼再加上姓。

    Mr.用于男性的姓之前,不可以单独用,如课文中的 Mr.Blake;而sir 一般单独用,是对长者、上司或男客户的尊称,如:

    Sorry, sir. 对不起,先生。

    Miss 一般用于指未婚女子,不过有时在不了解他们是不是已婚时也可用。

    4.Nice to meet you.非常高兴见到你。

    用于第一次与别人见面等非正式场所。他们的回话一般应为Nice to meet you,too。

    大家在正式的场所第一次见面时常用:How do you do?相应的回答也是:How do you do?这是一句问候语,并不是问话。

    5.国籍与国家名字有别

    请勿将国家名字和与其对应的国籍搞混。课文的 French,German,Japanese,Korean与Chinese都是表示国籍的词。句中表示中国国籍的词应为 Chinese 而不是 China。

    语法 Grammar in use:

    1.特殊疑问句

    以疑问词 who,what,when,which,why,where,whose,how 等引导的问句都叫特殊疑问句,也叫疑问词疑问句,有时还被叫做 wh-问句。结构一般为:疑问词+助动词+主语+主动词等。作为疑问词的what可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等。比如以下几个问句:

    What make is this car?

    这辆小汽车是哪个品牌的?

    What nationality are you?

    你是哪国人?

    What is your job?

    你的工作是做什么?

    What colour is it?

    它是哪种颜色的?

    What size is this skirt?

    这条裙子是多大号的?

    2.a 和 an

    Sophie is a new student.

    索菲娅是一名新学生。

    This is an umbrella.

    这是一把雨伞。



    4.新定义英语第一册Lesson7-8自学笔记精解说析

    1.My names = My name is。

    这是自我介绍时一般用的句型:My name is…。有时也可用Im…这一句型。

    2.Are you French,too?你也是法国人吗?

    在英语中,too和either两个词都表示“也”的意思,然而too仅用于一定句中,either 则限于用在否定句中。too和either一般都放在句末,且前面一般用逗号隔开。比如:

    Is Sophie Italian, too?

    索菲娅也是意大利人吗?

    Is Robert a keyboard operator, too?

    罗伯特也是电脑录入员吗?

    3.What nationality are you?你是哪国人?

    此问句用来询问他们的国籍。也可以问 Where are you from?或 Where do you come from?

    4.Whats your job?你是干什么工作的?

    Whats =What is。询问他们从事何种职业时还可以说:What do you do?

    5.Im an engineer.我是工程师。

    Im/aim/=I am。口语中常常用这种缩略形式。英语不定冠词有两个:a,an。在发音以元音音素开头的词前面用an,在发音以辅音音素开头的词前面用a。engineer的发音是以元音音素开头的,所以前面要用an。

    6.数字16~20的英文写法

    16—sixteen 17—seventeen 18—eighteen 19—nineteen 20—twenty

    语法 Grammar in use:

    以疑问词what所引导的特殊疑问句

    What…?这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等:

    What nationality are you?

    你是哪国人?

    Whats your job?

    你是做什么的?

    对于以上两个问句可如下回答:

    Im Swedish.

    我是瑞典人。

    Im an air hostess.

    我是一名空中小姐。

    目前可以改用第3人称单数来进行类似的问答:

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.job n.职业:

    Whats your job? 你是干什么工作的?

    工作,活计:

    The whole job takes about 40 minutes.

    整个工作大约需要四十分钟。

    职责:

    Its your job to be on time.

    按时是你应该做到的事。

    2.nurse

    n.护士;照料者:

    Is she a nurse or a housewife?

    她是护士还是家庭主妇?

    v.照料;照看:

    All her time goes into nursing her child.

    她把全部时间都花于照看我们的孩子上了。

    v .保养维护;培养:

    nurse a young tree 保养维护树苗

    nurse an author of promise 培养有前途的作家

    训练答案 Key to written exercises:

    Lesson 8

    A

    1 My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian.

    2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.

    3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French.

    B

    1 Whats his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.

    2 Whats her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is.

    3 Whats his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is.

    4 Whats her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is.

    5 Whats his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is.

    6 Whats her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.

    7 Whats his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is.

    8 Whats his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is.

    9 Whats her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is.

    10 Whats his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is.

    5.新定义英语第一册Lesson9-10自学笔记精解说析

    1.How are you today?你今天怎么样?

    这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问他们身体状况的寒暄话,一般回答语为:

    Fine, thank you. 非常不错,谢谢。

    Im fine, thank you. 非常不错,谢谢。

    Im very well, thank you. 非常不错,谢谢。

    如问及他们的先生或太太的状况,可以说 How is Tony?或Hows Emma?等。

    相应的回答可为 Hes fine,thanks 或 Shes very well,thank you等。

    2.And you?你怎么样?

    是And how are you?的简略说法。在回答他们问候健康的话之后反问时用。

    3.数字21与22的英文写法

    21—twenty-one 22—twenty-two

    语法 Grammar in use:

    1.How…? 的一些社交上的使用方法

    how 是一个表示“怎么样”的疑问词,可以用来引导一些用于社交场所的套话:

    用于询问健康情况或一般生活状况:

    How are you? 你怎么样?

    How is Helen today? 海伦今天怎么样?

    How have you been? 你一向可好?

    How do you do?是正式介绍中的一句套话,从不需要来询问健康:

    how 常常用在询问现在情况的疑问句里,如:

    Hows life? 生活怎么样?

    How are things? 状况如何?

    Hows work? 工作如何?

    2.形容词的意义与用途

    形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。大家用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看起来是哪种。比如,形容词可以表示水平、大小、新旧、温度、形状、颜色、产地。

    很多形容词可用以回答 What…like?如此的问题,并可依据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。

    英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前,如:

    a young nurse 一位年轻的护士 an old mechanic 一位老机械师

    a lazy housewife 一个懒惰的家庭主妇 a thin woman 一个瘦瘦的女性

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.look v. 看,瞧,观,望:

    Look at that man. Is he thin?

    瞧那个男性。他瘦吗?

    Look carefully before you cross the street.

    过马路前要仔细看清来往汽车。

    面向,朝哪个方向:

    The room looks on the sea.

    房间面向大海。

    Two windows look to the south.

    两扇窗子朝南。

    2.fine adj. 健康的;舒适的:

    How is Steven today?

    史蒂文今天如何?

    非常好的,出色的:

    a fine view 美好的景色

    a fine teacher 一位出色教师

    高雅的,高雅的:

    He is a man with fine manners.

    他是一个举止高雅的男性。

    训练答案 Key to written exercises

    Lesson 10

    A

    1 Mr. Blake isnt a student. Hes a teacher.

    2 This isnt my umbrella. Its your umbrella.

    3 Sophie isnt a teacher. Shes a keyboard operator.

    4 Steven isnt cold. Hes hot.

    5 Naoko isnt Chinese. Shes Japanese.

    6 This isnt a German car. Its a Swedish car.

    B

    1 Look at that man. Hes very fat.

    2 Look at that woman. Shes very thin.

    3 Look at that policeman. Hes very tall.

    4 Look at that policewoman. Shes very short.

    5 Look at that mechanic. Hes very dirty.

    6 Look at that nurse. Shes very clean.

    7 Look at Steven. Hes very hot.

    8 Look at Emma. Shes very cold.

    9 Look at that milkman. Hes very old.

    10 Look at that air hostess. Shes very young.

    11 Look at that hairdresser. Hes very busy.

    6.新定义英语第一册Lesson11-12自学笔记精解说析

    1.Whose shirt is that?那是哪个的衬衣?

    这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。

    2.Yes,sir?啥事,先生?

    请参见 Lessons 1~2课文详注与 Lessons 3~4课文详注。

    3.Here you are.给你。

    是给他们东西时的习惯用语。递给他们东西或他们在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时,总是用这种表达方法。也可以说:Here it is或 Here they are。句中的are和is一般应重读。

    4.非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系

    it is not = it isnt = its not。

    5.数字30的英文写法 30 —thirty

    语法 Grammar in use

    1.以疑问词 whose 引导的特殊疑问句

    用来询问所有关系。所有者一直一个人而且期望得到的回答是某人的名字加-s形式,或者是一个所有格代词。

    这个时候 whose 也可在句子中作表语。

    当所有关系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时,whose后面的名词可以省略。

    2.所有格形容词和所有格代词

    所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有,即某人或某物是某一个人,回答以whose引导的问句。所有格形容词my,your等是限定词,需要一直放在名词之前,只能作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者,而不是被拥有些东西。所有格代词mine,yours等不可以用在名词前,并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人或物,单数或复数都一样。如:

    This is my car.

    这是我的汽车。

    That is her coat.

    这是她的上衣。

    Your car is red,mine is blue.

    你的车是红色的,我的是蓝色的。

    This book is his,not yours. 这本书是他的,不是你的。

    I have my way, and she has hers. 我有我的处事方法,她有她的。

    名词所有格是在词尾加-s构成的,不只可作定语,还可作表语:

    Is this Daves shirt?

    这是戴夫的衬衣吗?

    Whose is that shirt? Is it your daughters?

    那条裙子是哪个的?是你女儿的吗?

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.perhaps adv. 可能,大概,可能:

    Perhaps it is, sir.

    或许是,先生。

    Perhaps it will rain.

    或许要下雨了。

    Perhaps its Sophies handbag.

    或许这是索菲娅的手提包。

    2.catch v. 接住,拦住:

    Catch! 接着!

    逮住,捕获:

    catch a thief 捉住一个贼

    染上:

    catch a cold 伤风

    I have caught a bad cold.

    我得了重感冒。

    训练答案 Key to written exercises:

    Lesson 12

    A

    1 Stella is here. That is her car.

    2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella?

    3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt.

    4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat.

    B

    1 Whose is this handbag? Its Stella s. Its her handbag.

    2 Whose is this car? Its Pauls. Its his car.

    3 Whose is this coat? Its Sophie s. Its her coat.

    4 Whose is this umbrella? Its Stevens. Its his umbrella.

    5 Whose is this pen? Its my daughters. Its her pen.

    6 Whose is this dress? Its my sons. Its his dress.

    7 Whose is this suit? Its my fathers. Its his suit.

    8 Whose is this skirt? Its my mothers. Its her skirt.

    9 Whose is this blouse? Its my sisters. Its her blouse.

    10 Whose is this tie? Its my brothers. Its his tie.

    11 Whose is this pen? Its Sophies. Its her pen.

    12 Whose is this pencil? Its Hans. Its his pencil.



    7.新定义英语第一册Lesson13-14自学笔记精解说析

    1.Its the same colour.一样的颜色。

    same 一般与定冠词the连用,表示“同一的”、“相同的”

    two boys of the same age 两个同龄的男生

    We live in the same city. 大家住在同一个城市里。

    2.That is a lovely hat!真是一顶可爱的帽子!

    句末用的是惊叹号,表现出较强的感情 色彩。句中的 is 用斜体,是为了强调,应重读。

    3.数字 40,50,60,70,80,90,100,101的英文写法

    40—forty 50—fifty 60—sixty 70—seventy 80—eighty 90—ninety

    100—a hundred 101—a hundred and one

    语法 Grammar in use:

    1.what colour引导的特殊疑问句

    以疑问词 what引导的 What colour…?和 What colours…?

    种类的特殊疑问句式用于询问颜色。又如:

    What colour is Annas hat? 安娜的帽子是哪种颜色的?

    What colours Helens dog? 海伦的狗是哪种颜色的?

    What colours your shirt? 你的衬衫是哪种颜色的?

    What colour is it? 它是哪种颜色的?

    2.祈使句

    祈使句的主语一般不直接表示出来,其谓语动词用原型。祈使句用来表示请求、建议、命令、叮嘱等。如:

    Follow me. 跟我来。

    Shut the door, please. 请关门。

    Look out! 当心!

    Keep off the grass! 请不要践踏草地!

    Help yourself. 请自己动手。

    某些祈使动词可将来跟and和另一个祈使动词,而不是后跟大家预料的带to的动词不定式结构:

    Come and see this goldfish.

    来看这条金鱼。

    Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.

    去给自己买双新鞋吧。

    Wait and see.

    等着瞧吧。

    词语学习 Word study

    1.nice adj.

    美好的,漂亮的:

    Its a nice day today, isnt it? 今每天气真好,不是吗?

    Thats a nice dress. 那件连衣裙真好看。

    和蔼的,友好的:

    He is very nice to his neighbours. 他对邻居非常友善。

    使人开心的,让人愉快的:

    It is so nice to have you here. 你能在这儿真是太好了。

    Have a nice time! 祝你玩得痛快点!

    2.smart adj.

    好看的,时髦的,巧妙的:

    Annas hat is smart. 安娜的帽子漂亮而别致。

    You look smart in that new dress. 你穿那件新连衣裙看起来时髦而洒脱

    聪明的,伶俐的,精明的:

    She is a smart student. 她是一名聪颖的学生。

    He is a smart businessman. 他是一位精明的商人。

    训练答案 Key to written exercises:

    Lesson 14

    A

    1 This is Pauls car.

    2 This is Sophies coat.

    3 This is Helens dog.

    4 This is my fathers suit.

    5 This is my daughters dress.

    B

    1 What colours Stevens car? His cars blue.

    2 What colours Tims shirt? His shirts white.

    3 What colours Sophie s coat? Her coats grey.

    4 What colours Mrs. Whites carpet? Her carpets red.

    5 What colours Daves tie? His ties orange.

    6 What colours Stevens hat? His hat is grey and black.

    7 What colours Helens dog? Her dogs brown and white.

    8 What colours Hans pen? His pens green.

    9 What colours Lumings suit? His suits grey.

    10 What colours Stellas pencil? Her pencils blue.

    11 What colours Xiaohuis handbag? Her handbags brown.

    12 What colours Sophie s skirt? Her skirts yellow.

    8.新定义英语第一册Lesson15-16自学笔记精解说析

    1.Your passports,please.请出示你们的护照。

    请参见 Lessons 3~4课文详注。

    2.Here they are.给你。

    本句中的 they指 passports。请参见 Lessons 11~12课文详注。

    3.名词的复数形式

    英语中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,指一个以上的事物时用复数形式。可数名词的复数形式一般是在单数名词后面加上-s,如课文中的friend—friends/frendz/,tourist—tourists/tu+rists/,case—cases/keisiz/。请注意-s的不同发音。假如名词是以-s结尾的,变成复数时则要加-es,如dress—dresses/dresiz/,blouse—blouses/blauziz/。

    语法 Grammar in use:

    1.表示复数的-s或-es一般遵循的发音规则

    假如名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音,-s发/s/的音,如:

    books/buks/ suits/su:ts/

    假如名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音或元音,-s发/z/的音,如:

    ties /taiz/ dogs /dgz/

    假如名词词尾的发音是/s/,/z/,/M/,/N/,/tM/或/DN/,-s发/iz/的音,如:

    dresses/dresz/ blouses/bluziz/

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.blue adj. 蓝色的,蔚蓝的:

    The sea is deep blue.

    大海呈深蓝色。

    He wears a blue tie.

    他打一条蓝色的领带。

    沮丧的,忧郁的:

    He looks a bit blue.

    他看起来有点儿忧郁。

    His mood is blue.

    他的情绪低落。

    2.grey adj. 灰色的,偏灰的:

    His hat is grey.

    他的帽子是灰色的。

    头发灰白的:

    Her hair is grey.

    她的头发灰白。

    面色苍白的:

    Tony looks grey and tired.

    托尼面色苍白,看上去疲惫。

    训练答案 Key to written exercises:

    Lesson 16

    A

    1 It is an English car.

    2 It is a Japanese car.

    3 It is an Italian car.

    4 It is a French car.

    5 It is an American car.

    6 Robert is not a teacher.

    B

    1 What colour are your shirts? Our shirts are white.

    2 What colour are your coats? Our coats are grey.

    3 What colour are your tickets? Our tickets are yellow.

    4 What colour are your suits? Our suits are blue.

    5 What colour are your hats? Our hats are black and grey.

    6 What colour are your passports? Our passports are green.

    7 What colour are your umbrellas? Our umbrellas are black.

    8 What colour are your handbags? Our handbags are white.

    9 What colour are your ties? Our ties are orange.

    10 What colour are your dogs? Our dogs are brown and white.

    11 What colour are your pens? Our pens are blue.

    12 What colour are your cars? Our cars are red.

    9.新定义英语第一册Lesson17-18自学笔记精解说析

    1.How do you do?你好。

    这是用于第见面时的较正式用语。一般用同样的话来回答。请参见 Lessons 5-6课文详注。

    2.Come and meet our employees…来见见大家的雇员……

    这里的and表示目的。请参见 Lessons 13-14中语法部分的讲解。

    3.This is Nicola Grey,and this is Claire Taylor.这位是尼古拉·格雷,这位是克莱尔·泰勒。

    这是介绍大家彼此认识时的常用句型。请参见 Lessons 5-6课文详注。

    4.名词的复数形式

    假如名词单数词尾为-f或-fe,则其复数一律变为-ves ,马上-f或-fe变成-v,再加-es而成,如 housewife housewives。

    语法 Grammar in use:

    1.who 引导的特殊疑问句

    Who is…?或 Who are…?这种以疑问词 who引导的疑问句一般用来询问人的名字和身份。Who…?仅指人,可以用来询问男士、女人、单数或复数的人。

    注意这种句型与 What is…?或 What are…?这种句型有什么区别:What…?句型主要用来询问人的类别或职业。请参见 Lessons 5~6与 Lessons 7~8语法部分的讲解。

    2.所有格形容词与人称代词

    所有格形容词their 意为“他们的”,其对应的人称代词是they。请参见Lessons 11~12语法部分。

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.custom n.风俗;习惯;

    When visiting a foreign country, we might find the countrys customs strange to us.

    当大家去外国访问时,大家或许会发现该国的某些风俗习惯有的奇怪。

    It is his custom to go for a walk in the evenings.

    他惯常在晚上出去散步。

    2.customs, Customs n. [复]海关;征收关税的程序:

    The spy was sTOPped at the Customs and questioned.

    那个特务在海关被截住并被加以盘查。

    How long will it usually take to pass the Customs?

    通过海关检查一般要花费多少时间?

    训练答案 Key to written exercises:

    Lesson 18

    A

    1 That man is tall. He is a policeman.

    2 Those girls are busy. They are keyboard operators.

    3 Our names are Britt and Inge. We are Swedish.

    4 Look at our office assistant. He is very hard-working.

    5 Look at Nicola. She is very pretty.

    6 Michael Baker and Jeremy Short are employees. They are sales reps.

    B

    1 Are they keyboard operators or air hostesses?

    They arent keyboard operators. Theyre air hostesses.

    2 Are they postmen or policemen?

    They arent postmen. Theyre policemen.

    3 Are they policewomen or nurses?

    They arent policewomen. Theyre nurses.

    4 Are they customs officers or hairdressers?

    They arent customs officers. Theyre hairdressers.

    5 Are they hairdressers or teachers?

    They arent hairdressers. Theyre teachers.

    6 Are they engineers or taxi drivers?

    They arent engineers. Theyre taxi drivers.

    7 Are they policewomen or keyboard operators?

    They arent policewomen. Theyre keyboard operators.

    8 Are they milkmen or engineers?

    They arent milkmen. Theyre engineers.

    9 Are they policemen or milkmen?

    They arent policemen. Theyre milkmen.

    10 Are they nurses or housewives?

    They arent nurses. Theyre housewives.

    10.新定义英语第一册Lesson19-20自学笔记精解说析

    1.Whats the matter?如何啦?

    等于 Whats wrong?或 Tell me whats wrong。这个句型一般用来询问出了什么事。倘若要特别提及某人,可以在后面加上介词with,如:

    Whats the matter with you?

    你如何啦?

    Whats the matter with Claire?

    克莱尔如何啦?

    2.Mum,儿语中孩子子对妈妈的称呼。

    与此相似,dad是对爸爸的儿语称呼。

    3.Theres = There is。

    它表示“有”、“存在”,为 there + be结构的一般目前时缩略形式。

    4.Two ice creams please.

    请拿两份冰淇淋。

    等于 Give us two ice creams,please。请参见 Lessons 3-4课文注解。ice cream是物质名词。物质名词前加不定冠词 a或基数词表示一种、一份、一客、一类、一阵等。

    语法 Grammar in use:

    1.there +be结构

    在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可用there +be结构。说Theres an ice cream man比说An ice cream man is there更合乎习惯,也更为自然。there +be结构可将要紧的新信息置于句末,以示强调。此结构中的实质主语是be后面的名词。因此,倘若该名词是单数就用is,如是复数则为are。

    2.人称代词与be

    英文中系动词be需要依据不一样的人称代词作相应的变化。请参见Lessons15~16语法部分中有关be的一般目前时形式的内容,包含某些缩略形式,如:they are not =they arent =theyre not,we are not = we arent =were not。

    词语学习 Word study:

    1.thirsty adj. 渴的,口干的:

    Were tired and thirsty. 大家又累又渴。

    干旱的:

    a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地

    渴望的,渴求的:

    The students there are thirsty for knowledge.

    那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。

    2.matter n. 事情,事件:

    Its a private matter. 这是件私事。

    Hes not very interested in financial matters.

    他对财政方面的事情并不太有兴趣。

    麻烦事,困难:

    Whats the matter, Anna? 如何了,安娜?

    Whats the matter with Steven? 史蒂文是什么问题?

    训练答案 Key to written exercises:

    Lesson 20

    A

    1 Those children are tired.

    2 Their mother is tired, too.

    3 That ice cream man is very busy.

    4 His ice creams are very nice.

    5 Whats the matter, children? We are thirsty.

    6 Whats the matter, Tim? I am tired.

    B

    1 Are the children tired or thirsty?

    Theyre not tired. Theyre thirsty.

    2 Are the postmen cold or hot?

    Theyre not cold. Theyre hot.

    3 Are the hairdressers thin or fat?

    Theyre not thin. Theyre fat.

    4 Are the shoes small or big?

    Theyre not small. Theyre big.

    5 Are the shops shut or open?

    Theyre not shut. Theyre open.

    6 Are his cases heavy or light?

    Theyre not heavy. Theyre light.

    7 Are grandmother and grandfather young or old?

    Theyre not young. Theyre old.

    8 Are their hats old or new?

    Theyre not old. Theyre new.

    9 Are the policemen short or tall?

    Theyre not short. Theyre tall.

    10 Are his trousers short or long?

    Theyre not short. Theyre long.

  • THE END

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