你手心里有交错的曲线和无来由的茧,那是岁月留下的痕迹。你站在行驶在岁月河流的船头上,表情坚毅,你无悔的付出终会让一段旅程熠熠闪光。智学网高中频道为你筹备了《高中三年级英语必学4、过去完成进行时与以后完成时》帮你成功!
难题形成缘由:
1.不了解使用方法。
2.未注意与它搭配的时间状语。
解决方法:
1.彻底理解过去完成进行时与以后完成时基本使用方法。
2.注意与它搭配的时间状语。
使用方法解说:
1、 过去完成进行时
构成:过去完成进行时是由"had been +目前分词"构成。
She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam. 她在考试之前一直患重感
Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他们期待这个消息有一段时间了吧?
使用方法:
1. 表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。
过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始,一直延续到这一过去时间。和过去完成时一样,过去完成进行时也需要以一过去时间为首要条件。过去完成进行时也是一个相对的时态, 上下文中须有明示或暗示的作为参照的过去的时间。
I had been looking for it for days before I found it. 这东西我找了好多天才找着。
They had only been waiting for the bus a few minutes when it came. 他们只等了几分钟车就来了。
2. 表示反复的动作。
He had been mentioning your name to me. 他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。
3. 过去完成进行时还常用于间接引语中。
The doctor asked what he had been eating. 大夫问他吃了什么。
I asked where they had been staying all those days. 我问他们那些天呆在什么地方。
4. 过去完成进行时之后也可接具备"忽然"之意的when分句。
I had only been reading a few minutes when he came in. 我刚看了几分钟他就进去了。
She'd only been reviewing her lessons for a short while when her little sister interrupted her.
她温习功课才一会儿,她妹妹就打断她了。
过去完成进行时和过去完成时的比较:
She had cleaned the office, so it was very tidy.
她已经打扫过办公室了,所以非常整洁。
She had been cleaning the office, so we had to wait outside.
她一直在打扫办公室,所以大家不能不在外面等着。
2、以后完成时
构成:will/shall have +过去分词
We hope it will have sTOPped raining before we set off for the picnic.
大家期望在出发去野餐以前雨就已经停了。
I'll have done all the work by the time you are back this evening.
你们今晚回来的时候我就将做完所有些工作了。
使用方法:
1. 表示在以后某一时刻将完成或在另一个将来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
注意:常与以后完成时连用的时间状语有:
① by+ 表示以后时间的短语和句子;
② before+ 表示以后时间的词汇或句子;
③ when, after等加上表示以后动作的句子等。 比如:
By the year 2050, scientists probably will have discovered a cure for cancer.
到2050年,科学家们可能已经找到治愈癌症的办法了。
By the time you arrive in London, we will have been staying in Europe for two weeks.
等你到达伦敦的时候,大家将已经在欧洲呆了两星期了。
2. 在时间从句和条件从句中,目前完成时可以代替以后完成时,表示以后某时业已完成的动作。比如:
You'll get to like the subject after you have studied it for some time.
在学习这个学科一段时间之后,你就会喜欢它的。
I'll go and see the exhibition as soon as I have finished my work.
我一完成作业就去看展览。
3. 以后完成时还可以表示"可能性",或"设想"。比如:
It's five o'clock;they will have arrived home by now.
已经五点钟了,他们目前应该已经到家了。
以后完成时与一般以后时的比较:
有具体的时间状语要用一般以后时。如:
Mr Smith will return home on the first Sunday next month. 史密斯先生将于下月的*个星期日回家。
以后完成时的时间状语一般用介词by引入,如:
Mr Smith will have returned home by next month. 到下个月史密斯先生将已回到家了。