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1.English is a widely used language.

2.He threw away the broken cup.

3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s.

4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices.

单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;

过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。

spoken English

= English which is spoken

terrified people

= the people who are terrified

an organized way

= a way that is organized

affected area 灾区

= the area which is affected

stolen culture relics

= culture relics that had been stolen

the book recommended by the teacher

= the book which was recommended by the teacher

printed articles

= articles that are printed

1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 定语

2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. 定语

3) He got interested in the two theories. 表语

4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood 表语

Past Participle as the Attribute定语 Past Participle as the Predicative表语

1.terrified people1.people who are terrified

2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserved

3.polluted water3.water that is polluted

4.a crowded room4.a room that is crowded

5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleased

6. Astonished children6.children who look astonished

7.a broken vase 7.a vase that is broken

8.a closed door8.a door that is closed

9.the tired audience9.the audience who feel tired

10.a trapped animal10.an animal that is trapped

There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

= There are many leaves which had fallen on the ground.

Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.

= Some of them , who had been born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing.

及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没肯定的时间性,只表示被动关系。

polluted water

= water which is polluted

reserved seats

= the seats which were reserved

trapped animal

= the animal which was trapped

不及物动词的过去分词不表被动，只表示动作发生在谓语动词之前，含有动作完成，动作结束之含义。

boiled water

= water which has boiled

fallen leaves

= the leaves which have fallen

risen sun

= the sun which has risen

过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。

The books, written by Guo Jingming, are very popular with teenagers. 这类书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜欢。

Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. 他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.

The book _written by the farmeris very popular.

The building built last yearnow collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.

The problem discussed at the meeting yesterdaywas very difficult to solve.

The window broken by that naughty boy被那个顽皮男生打破的) is being repaired.

The children examined in the hospital yesterday昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.

The people exposed to the sungot sunburnt.

The boy punished severely by the teacheris now a college student.

The water delivered to his homecarried disease.

The English today is quite different from the English spoken in the past 300 years .

Most of the artists invited to the partywere from South Africa.

The students inspired by the teacher worked harder than ever before.

The Olympic Games, __A_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.

A. first played B. to be first played

C. first playing D. to be first playing

①过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系且过去分词表示的动作已完成。

②目前分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。

③不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。

first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.

Consolidation 巩固

1. Prices of daily goods ____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought B. bought

C. been bought D. buying

2. With a lot of different problems ____,

the newly-elected president is having

a hard time.

A. settled B. settling

C. to settle D. being settled

3. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases ____ only to people with specific knowledge.

A. being known B. having been known

C. to be known D. known

4. When I got back, I saw a message ____ to the door____ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”

A. pin, read B. pinning, reading

C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read

2)作表语 表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状况。很多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词用。如：disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。

The window is broken. 窗户碎了。

Don’t get so excited. 别这么激动。

1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味非常弱，主要表示动作的完成和状况，此时等于一个形容词。

2.被动语态的过去分词动词意味非常强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。

① The glass is broken.

The glass was broken by Tom.

② The windows are closed.

The windows are closed by Jack.

3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词和一些过去分词常用作表语,表示状况.其中有的仅表示状况,毫无被动意味。

① How did the audience receive the new play?

They got very excited.

② How did Bob do in the exams this time?

Well, his father seems pleased with his results.

③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.

④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.

作表语训练：

Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________by the hour.

A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay

该题考分数查询词作表语的使用方法。“to pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.

1. The rooms are ____, so you can’t move in.

A. painted B. painting

C. being painted D. to be painted

2. As soon as he entered the city, he ____.

A. was losing B. got losing

C. grew lost D. got lost

3. What he has done is really ____.Now his parents

are _____ him.

A. disappointing; disappointed at

B. disappointing; disappointed about

C. disappointing; disappointed with

D. disappointed; disappointing by

目前分词和过去分词做定语有什么区别

目前分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义.

目前分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状况或完成.

a moving movie感人的电影

a moved audience 被感动的观众

boiling water 正在烧的水

boiled water 已煮沸的水

developing countries 反展中国家

developed countries 发达国家

falling leaves 落叶

fallen leaves 落叶

The child standing over there is my brother.

The room facing south is our classroom.

The book written by Lu Xun is very good.

The road completed yesterday is leading to Tibet。